An examination of Hosea 12:4-5 using an interlinear Bible reveals that the Angel of Yahweh is Yahweh Sabaoth (the Lord of Hosts):
Hosea 12:4-5 reads as follows:
And, yes, he struggled with the Angel and prevailed. He wept and sought favour from Him. He found him in Bethel and there He spoke to us, that is Yahweh God of Hosts. His memorable name is Yahweh.
Hosea 12:4-5 Interlinear
However, in Zechariah 1:12 the Angel of Yahweh speaks to the Father addressing the Father as Yahweh Sabaoth:
And answered the Angel of Yahweh and said: ‘Yahweh of Hosts, how long will You not have mercy on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah against which You were angry this seventy years.
Zechariah 1:12 Interlinear
If one examines the previous verses it becomes clear that the Father is not physically present at the scene and that the Angel of Yahweh is actually praying to the Father.
In Zechariah 1:13 the Father answers the Angel with good and comforting words. However, it appears that only the Angel can hear the words of the Father. Then in verse 14 the Angel instructs Zechariah to proclaim the words of the Father:
And answered Yahweh the Angel who talked to me with good words and comforting words. So said to me the Angel Who spoke with me proclaim saying thus says Yahweh of Hosts I am zealous for Jerusalem and for Zion with great zeal.
Zechariah 1:13-14 Interlinear
If you take a verse like Exodus 23:21 into account where the Father tells Moses that His name is in the Angel, it becomes understandable that the Father and the Angel are both called Yahweh Sabaoth. The Father is the invisible Yahweh Sabaoth, while the Angel is the visible Yahweh Sabaoth.
The New Testament provides far greater understanding with regard to how it is possible that the Angel of Yahweh and the Father are both Yahweh Sabaoth. In John 10:30 Jesus says: ‘I and the Father are one.’ In John 14:9 Jesus tells one of His disciples that anyone who has seen Him has seen the Father:
9 Jesus answered: “Don’t you know me, Philip, even after I have been among you such a long time? Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?
John 14:9 NIV
In John 14:10 Jesus says:
10 Don’t you believe that I am in the Father, and that the Father is in me? The words I say to you I do not speak on my own authority. Rather, it is the Father, living in me, who is doing his work.
John 14:10 NIV
It doesn’t get much clearer than that. Just as the Father lived in Jesus when Jesus pre-existed as the Angel of Yahweh (the Holy Spirit) the Father lived in Jesus while He was on the earth.
Obviously the Father continues to live in Jesus even today because the two of them are one. The Father lives in Christians if they obey Jesus’ commandments, and they too become one with Him in the same way that Jesus and the Father are one.
In Isaiah 6 when Isaiah says that he has seen the Lord of Hosts, he was saying that he had seen the visible Lord of Hosts. He was, however, also in the presence of the invisible Lord of Hosts Who lives within the Angel of Yahweh.
